Background: Women who choose to have a breast reconstruction (BR) following mastectomy for breast cancer need to make decisions concerning the type and timing of their reconstruction. They may opt for the increasingly common delayed-immediate (expander-based) reconstruction, however, little is known about women’s motivations for choosing this option. BR decisions are further complicated when post-mastectomy radiation therapy (PMRT) is indicated, as radiation to the reconstructed breast may lead to complications and poorer aesthetic outcomes.
Aims: To qualitatively explore Australian women’s experiences of BR decision-making and factors that influence their BR decision.
Methods: Semi-structured telephone interviews were conducted with women treated with mastectomy and prosthetic or autologous reconstructions that were immediate, delayed or delayed-immediate. Purposive sampling continued until data saturation was reached. Interviews asked women about: information received from their medical team; reasons for reconstructive choices; and their feelings about their decision. Interviews were audiotaped, transcribed verbatim and analysed thematically using the Framework method.
Results: From interviews with 29 women, mean age 54 years (SD 6.78), seven main themes were identified: i) information provision and needs; ii) values and preferences; iii) decisional pressure; iv) feasibility; v) social influence and support; vi) interprofessional team and organisational structures; and vii) decision implementation and outcomes. Women commonly chose delayed-immediate expander-based BR due to practical factors and to lessen their feelings of (perceived/actual) decisional pressure. Women reported receiving little information about possible PMRT impact on reconstructed breast(s). Collaboration and communication within multidisciplinary teams were found to support the BR decision-making process.
Conclusion: These themes offer a comprehensive explanation of how Australian women make BR decisions. The findings explain women’s reasons for choosing delayed-immediate (expander-based) reconstructions, and highlight the often limited information-sharing regarding adjuvant PMRT. Strategies for patients, clinicians and organisations to enhance patient-centred interprofessional care are proposed, including development of in-consultation decision support tools.