The number of anticancer drugs available to treat individuals with cancer has grown exponentially in recent years. This growth in the number of anticancer drugs has been accompanied by a rapid growth in expenditure on anticancer drugs, driven largely by their high price. The high cost of anticancer drugs places strain on publicly funded health systems, and individuals with cancer and their oncologists making decisions about treatment. Accurately determining their value, that is whether the potential benefits are worth the high cost, is important so that individuals with cancer and health systems do not invest their time and resources in treatments of low value.